A multiple-proxy stalagmite record reveals historical deforestation in central Shandong, northern China

作者：Liangcheng TAN,Wen LIU,Tianli WANG,Peng CHENG,Jingjie ZANG,Xiqian WANG,Le MA,Dong LI,Jianghu LAN,R.Lawrence EDWARDS,Hai CHENG,Hai XU,Li AI,Yongli GAO,Yanjun CAI

摘要：Evaluating anthropogenic impacts on regional vegetation changes during historical time is not only important for a better understanding of the Anthropocene but also valuable in improving the vegetation-climate models.In this study,we analyzed stable isotopes(δ^18O,δ^13C)and trace elements(Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca)of a stalagmite from Huangchao Cave in central Shandong,northern China.230Th and AMS14C dating results indicate the stalagmite deposited during 174BC and AD1810,with a hiatus between AD638 and 1102.Broad similarities of theδ^18O and trace elements in the stalagmite suggest they are reliable precipitation indexes.Theδ^13C of the stalagmite,a proxy of vegetation change,was generally consistent with local precipitation and temperature variations on a centennial-scale before the 15th century.It typically varied from–9.6‰to–6.3‰,indicating climate controlled C3 type vegetation during this period.However,a persistent and marked increasing trend in theδ^13C record was observed since the 15th century,resulting inδ^13C values from–7.7‰to–1.6‰in the next four centuries.This unprecedentedδ^13C change caused by vegetation deterioration cannot be explained by climate change but is fairly consistent with the dramatically increasing population and farmland in Shandong.We suggest that the increasing deforestation and reclamation in central Shandong began to affect vegetation in the mountain region of central Shandong since the 15th century and severely destroyed or even cleared the forest during the 16th–18th century.

发文机构：State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Institute of Global Environmental Change Open Studio for Oceanic-Continental Climate and Environment Changes 801 Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute Library of Chang’an University Department of Earth Sciences School of Geography Institute of Surface-Earth System Science Department of Geological Sciences

关键词：SPELEOTHEMStableisotopesTraceelementsDEFORESTATIONHumanactivity16thcentury

分类号： Q948[生物学—植物学]